Delirium tremens is a medical condition that is sometimes experienced by people going through alcohol withdrawal.
Also known as DTs and AWD (alcohol withdrawal delirium), delirium tremens are one of the most severe and dangerous side effects of alcohol withdrawal.
Find out more about delirium tremens, the causes and treatments here.
Symptoms of Delirium Tremens
Delirium tremens (DTs) is a severe and potentially life-threatening form of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Symptoms typically occur in individuals who have been consuming alcohol heavily for a prolonged period and suddenly stop or significantly reduce their alcohol intake.
Common symptoms of delirium tremens include:
Severe Confusion: Individuals may experience confusion and disorientation, making it difficult for them to understand their surroundings or communicate coherently.
Agitation and Aggression: Delirium tremens can cause intense agitation, restlessness, and irritability. Individuals may become easily agitated and may exhibit aggressive or violent behaviour which is not like their usual self.
Hallucinations: Visual, auditory, or tactile hallucinations are common symptoms of delirium tremens. DT hallucinations can be vivid and distressing, leading individuals to see, hear, or feel things that are not real.
Tremors: Delirium tremens often cause severe tremors or shaking, particularly in the hands and fingers. These tremors may be uncontrollable and can interfere with daily activities, making the withdrawal process more difficult.
Autonomic Instability: Individuals may experience fluctuations in vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. Sweating, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), and fever are common physical symptoms of delirium tremens.
Seizures: Delirium tremens can trigger seizures, which may range in severity from mild to severe. Seizures in the context of delirium tremens can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention.
Sensory Changes: Individuals may experience sensory disturbances such as tingling sensations or numbness in the hands and feet.
Sleep Disturbances: Delirium tremens can cause severe disruptions in sleep patterns, including insomnia or hypersomnia.
Delusions: Individuals may experience false beliefs or delusions, often characterised by paranoia.
Delirium tremens is a medical emergency that requires prompt medical intervention. Without treatment, delirium tremens can lead to serious complications, including cardiovascular collapse, respiratory failure, and death.
If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of delirium tremens, seek immediate medical attention.
How Long Do Delirium Tremens Last?
The duration of delirium tremens (DTs) can vary depending on several factors, including the individual’s overall health, the severity of alcohol dependence, and the effectiveness of medical treatment.
In most cases, delirium tremens symptoms typically peak within 2 to 4 days after alcohol use has ended, but they may persist for several days or even weeks in some cases.
The acute phase of delirium tremens, where severe confusion, agitation, hallucinations, and autonomic instability is experienced usually lasts for 2 to 3 days. However, some symptoms, such as tremors and sleep disturbances, may persist for a longer period.
After the acute phase of delirium tremens resolves, individuals may continue to experience symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, including anxiety, depression, insomnia, and cravings for alcohol.
These symptoms may persist for several weeks or months, depending on the individual’s recovery process and the effectiveness of treatment and support services.
Are Delirium Tremens from Alcohol Withdrawal Common?
Delirium tremens (DTs) is relatively uncommon, occurring in about 5% of individuals experiencing alcohol withdrawal. However, it is considered a medical emergency due to its severity and potential life-threatening complications.
DTs typically occur in individuals with a history of heavy, long-term alcohol use who suddenly stop or significantly reduce their alcohol intake.
While not everyone who experiences alcohol withdrawal will develop delirium tremens, certain factors increase the risk, including:
Severity of Alcohol Dependence: Individuals with a long history of heavy alcohol use, particularly those who have experienced previous episodes of alcohol withdrawal, are at higher risk for delirium tremens.
Co-occurring Medical Conditions: Individuals with underlying medical conditions, such as liver disease, malnutrition, or psychiatric disorders, may be at increased risk for developing delirium tremens during alcohol withdrawal.
Lack of Medical Supervision: Attempting to quit alcohol without medical supervision or support increases the risk of complications, including delirium tremens. Medical supervision is essential to monitor symptoms, manage complications, and provide appropriate treatment during a cold turkey approach to detox.
Older Age: Older adults may be more susceptible to delirium tremens and other complications of alcohol withdrawal due to age-related changes in metabolism, liver function, and overall health.
Treatment for Delirium Tremens
The treatment for delirium tremens (DTs) typically involves medical intervention to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and ensure the safety and well-being of the individual.
Medications are often used to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications associated with delirium tremens. Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan), are commonly administered to help control agitation, anxiety, and seizures.
Thiamine (vitamin B1) may also be given to prevent or treat Wernicke’s encephalopathy, a serious neurological complication of alcohol withdrawal.
With appropriate medical treatment, including the administration of medications to control symptoms and prevent complications, the duration and symptoms of delirium tremens can be reduced.
Medical supervision is essential during the acute phase of delirium tremens to monitor vital signs, manage complications such as seizures or cardiovascular instability, and provide supportive care.
Support for Overcoming Alcohol Addiction
If you struggle with alcohol addiction, starting your recovery journey to achieve sobriety is the first step you need to take.
Get in touch with our expert team to find out how we can help you achieve this goal today. At Asana Lodge we offer leading addiction treatments at our alcohol rehab.
Our alcohol detox programme involves 24/7 medical supervision to ensure residents receiving detox treatment are as safe and comfortable as possible. Our medical experts provide detox medication when needed to ensure those undergoing withdrawal do not experience uncomfortable symptoms and avoid dangerous complications.
Fill out our contact form for a callback or more information, or phone a member of our admissions team on 01908 489 421 to find out more about how we can help you today!
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